In recent years, ammonia has increasingly become a regulatory concern. Due to the formation of fine particulate matter that has been linked to ammonia emissions into the atmosphere, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has focused regulatory efforts on controlling these emissions, due to their statistical association with increased incidence of pulmonary disease and reduced lung function, cardiac arrest, and premature death. In addition, ammonia has an adverse effect on rivers, lakes, and aquifers, which has led to restrictions on ammonia emissions in wastewater.